Đề bị lỗi công thức rồi bạn. Bạn cần viết lại để được hỗ trợ tốt hơn.

a/ \(\lim\limits\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^n}{1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n}=\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{n+1}-1}{\dfrac{1}{3}-1}}{\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{n+1}-1}{\dfrac{1}{2}-1}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{2}}{\dfrac{1}{2}}=3\)

b/ \(\lim\limits\left(n^3+n\sqrt{n}-5\right)=+\infty-5=+\infty\)

\(a=lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{6}\right)^n+1-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{4}{6}\right)^n}{\left(\dfrac{3}{6}\right)^n+6}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)

\(b=\lim\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{3n^2+4}=\lim\dfrac{n^2+2n+1}{3n^2+4}=\lim\dfrac{1+\dfrac{2}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}{3+\dfrac{4}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(c=\lim\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2\left(n^2-3\right)}=\lim\dfrac{n^2+n}{2n^2-6}=\lim\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{n}}{2-\dfrac{6}{n^2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(d=\lim\left[1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right]=\lim\left[1-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right]=1\)

\(e=\lim\dfrac{1}{2}\left[1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right]\)

\(=\lim\dfrac{1}{2}\left[1-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right]=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

1.

Trước hết bạn nhớ công thức:

$1^2+2^2+....+n^2=\frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}$ (cách cm ở đây: https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/tinh-tongs-122232n2.83618073020)

Áp vào bài:

\(\lim\frac{1}{n^3}[1^2+2^2+....+(n-1)^2]=\lim \frac{1}{n^3}.\frac{(n-1)n(2n-1)}{6}=\lim \frac{n(n-1)(2n-1)}{6n^3}\)

\(=\lim \frac{(n-1)(2n-1)}{6n^2}=\lim (\frac{n-1}{n}.\frac{2n-1}{6n})=\lim (1-\frac{1}{n})(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{6n})\)

\(=1.\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)

2.

\(\lim \frac{1}{n}\left[(x+\frac{a}{n})+(x+\frac{2a}{n})+...+(x.\frac{(n-1)a}{n}\right]\)

\(=\lim \frac{1}{n}\left[\underbrace{(x+x+...+x)}_{n-1}+\frac{a(1+2+...+n-1)}{n} \right]\)

\(=\lim \frac{1}{n}[(n-1)x+a(n-1)]=\lim \frac{n-1}{n}(x+a)=\lim (1-\frac{1}{n})(x+a)\)

\(=x+a\) 

3.

Trước tiên ta có công thức:

$1^3+2^3+....+n^3=(1+2+3+...+n)^2=\frac{n^2(n+1)^2}{4}$
Chứng minh: https://diendantoanhoc.org/topic/81694-t%C3%ADnh-t%E1%BB%95ng-s-13-23-33-n3/

Khi đó:

\(\lim \frac{1^3+2^3+...+n^3}{n^4}=\lim \frac{n^2(n+1)^2}{4n^4}\\ =\lim \frac{(n+1)^2}{4n^2}=\frac{1}{4}\lim (1+\frac{1}{n})^2=\frac{1}{4}.1=\frac{1}{4}\)

\(=\lim\dfrac{1.\dfrac{1-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{n+1}}{1-\dfrac{1}{3}}}{1.\dfrac{1-\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^{n+1}}{1-\dfrac{2}{5}}}=\lim\dfrac{9}{10}.\dfrac{1-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{n+1}}{1-\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^{n+1}}=\dfrac{9}{10}\)

\(a=\lim n\left(\sqrt[3]{-1+\dfrac{2}{n}-\dfrac{5}{n^3}}\right)=+\infty.\left(-1\right)=-\infty\)

\(b=\lim\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)=+\infty\)

\(c=\lim n\left(\dfrac{1}{n^2+n}-1\right)=+\infty.\left(-1\right)=-\infty\)

\(d=\lim\left(\dfrac{2n^2-1-2n\left(n+1\right)}{n+1}\right)=\lim\left(\dfrac{-1-2n}{n+1}\right)=-2\)

\(e=\lim\dfrac{2n^2+n-3+\dfrac{1}{n}}{\dfrac{2}{n}-3}=\dfrac{+\infty}{-3}=-\infty\)

\(a=\lim\dfrac{\left(n-2\right)!\left(n-1+\left(n-1\right)n\right)}{\left(n-2\right)!\left(\left(n+2\right)\left(n+1\right)n\left(n-1\right)-1\right)}+\lim\dfrac{3}{\left(n+2\right)!-\left(n-2\right)!}\)

\(=\lim\dfrac{n^2-1}{\left(n+2\right)\left(n+1\right)n\left(n-1\right)-1}+\lim\dfrac{3}{\left(n+2\right)!-\left(n-2\right)!}\)

\(=0+0=0\)

\(b=\lim\dfrac{2+\dfrac{1}{n}}{3^n}=\dfrac{2}{\infty}=0\)